All Commissioners
Ex officio Commissioners
From 1975 through 1993, the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House were designated as nonvoting, ex officio Commissioners. In 1993, an appeals court ruled that the presence of nonvoting Congressionally appointed ex officio members on the Commission violated the Constitution’s separation of powers. The Supreme Court dismissed the Commission’s appeal for lack of jurisdiction (FEC v. NRA Political Victory Fund). Subsequent to the appeals court decision, the Commission reconstituted itself as a six-member body.